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Class 331 Civity
The electric twin of the Class 195: CAF's Civity for Northern's electrified routes, in three- and four-car units, brought in from July 2019 on electrified routes around Leeds (to Doncaster, and to Bradford Forster Square, Skipton and Ilkley from September 2019), Manchester, Liverpool and Blackpool.
Class 331 Civity · schematic drawing GB Trains · gbtrains.uk/stock/331/ · CC BY 4.0
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Liveries 1
Special liveries 2
- NHS 'We Thank You' (331010, 331109) Announced 23 Apr 2020; may since have been removed (not checked).
- Bradford 2025 UK City of Culture ('The Bradfordian', 331004) Artwork of local landmarks and people, unveiled at Bradford Forster Square in April 2025; still carried at Leeds on 1 December 2025. Not drawn: it carries Bradford 2025's and Northern's branding.
- Type
- Electric multiple unit
- Builder
- CAF (Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles), Zaragoza, Spain
- Family
- Civity, with Class 195 Civity, Class 196 Civity, Class 197 Civity, Class 397 Civity (Nova 2)
- Built
- 2017–2020
- In service
- since 2019
- Operators
- Northern
- Formation
- 3 or 4 cars: 31 three-car units (DMSL-PTS-DMS, 234 ft (71.40 m)) and 12 four-car (DMSL-PTS-TS-DMS, 311 ft (94.75 m)), the cars' lengths added
- Trains in fleet
- 43
- Fleets
- Northern: 43
- Top speed
- 100 mph (161 km/h)
- Power
- 25 kV AC overhead: a 2,570 kVA transformer on the PTS feeding four 220 kW motors on each driving car (1,760 kW), with regenerative braking · how it works
- Bogies
- CAF ARIN bogies (Civity UK) · drawn with the same bogie component as Class 195 Civity, Class 196 Civity, Class 197 Civity, Class 397 Civity (Nova 2)
- Train length
- 311 ft (94.75 m) (the cars’ lengths added)
- Car height
- 12 ft 8 in (3.87 m)
- Car width
- 8 ft 11 in (2.712 m)
- Profile
- main-line
- Air-conditioned
- Yes
- Total capacity
- 3-car: 184 seats and 19 tip-up; 4-car: 260 seats and 23 tip-up (Eversholt Rail). Northern's 2022 contract gives 204 and 284 seats, with 141 and 185 standing
- Status
- In service with Northern: 43 units (31 three-car and 12 four-car), maintained at Allerton and Neville Hill with support from CAF.
Car types
| Code | Car | Length | Doors per side |
|---|---|---|---|
| DMSL | Driving motor standard with lavatory (DMSL) | 78 ft 10 in24.026 m | 2 double |
| PTS | Pantograph trailer standard, with the transformer (PTS) | 76 ft 7 in23.35 m | 2 double |
| TS | Trailer standard (TS) | 76 ft 7 in23.35 m | 2 double |
| DMS | Driving motor standard (DMS) | 78 ft 10 in24.026 m | 2 double |
Sources
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Show the 31 sources from Wikimedia Commons, Arriva Rail North, Northern and 9 more
- The Class 331 Electric Multiple Unit (specification sheet) Arriva Rail North, 24 January 2018formations (DMSL-PTS-DMS, DMSL-PTS-TS-DMS), car lengths 78 ft 10 in (24.026 m) and 76 ft 7 in (23.350 m), width 8 ft 11 in (2.712 m), height 12 ft 8 in (3.870 m), 100 mph (161 km/h), 2,570 kVA transformer on the PTS, motors on the driving cars, double-leaf sliding plug doors, regenerative braking
- Class 331 Eversholt Rail, accessed 7 October 202631 three-car and 12 four-car units, 141 vehicles; built at Zaragoza; seats; 78 ft 10 in (24.03 m) and 76 ft 7 in (23.35 m); 100 mph (161 km/h); air conditioning; entry into service 2019-2020; maintained at Allerton and Neville Hill
- Northern's trains from Spain (David Shirres) Rail Engineer, 3 April 2018220 kW motors on each axle of the driving cars' two motor bogies; doors at the thirds; 79 ft (24 m) cars; built with the 195s
- Northern unveils new £500 million diesel and electric trains RAIL (Richard Clinnick), 26 June 2019 (republished 9 September 2019)four-car 331 launched at Doncaster, June 2019; two in passenger service from 1 July 2019, on Doncaster to Leeds
- Northern launches first new train for Bradford, Skipton and Ilkley Northern, 3 September 2019the 331s on the Bradford, Skipton and Ilkley routes from September 2019 (summary)
- Transformation of Northern continues with the introduction of its 100th brand new train Northern (press release), 10 December 2020the first 195s and 331s introduced in July 2019
- DfT OLR Holdings Limited and Northern Trains Limited 2022: services contract (public register copy, version 1.1x) Department for Transport, 24 February 2022, pp. 145-146 (Appendix 1 to Schedule 1.6, Table 1)31 three-car (204 seats, 141 standing) and 12 four-car (284 seats, 185 standing)
- British Rail Class 331 Wikipedia, read 13 October 2026built 2017-2020 (cross-check); the Arriva Rail North years (2019-2020), in the colours as drawn
- The Class 331 Electric Multiple Unit (specification sheet) Arriva Rail North, 24 January 2018, p. layout drawingsthe drawing: car lengths, bogie centres, wheelbase, window and door layout, the folded pantograph on the PTS; the three-car 234 ft (71,402 mm) and four-car 311 ft (94,752 mm), the cars' lengths added (formation)
- The Class 195 Diesel Multiple Unit (specification sheet) Arriva Rail North, 24 January 2018, p. layout drawingsthe drawing: the Civity body measured (doors, windows, nose, roof, heights), the same as the 331's
- Gearboxes solutions (CAF Mobility product brochure) CAF Mobility, accessed 8 October 2026, p. 11wheels 2 ft 7 in (780 mm) new (drawing)
- Regional and intercity trains: Civity (Civity UK) CAF, read 9 October 2026the Civity UK's ARIN bogies (the bogie type, drawing)
- New CAF EMU for Northern Trains at Bay Horse (photograph, 5 November 2019, CC BY 2.0) Wikimedia Commons (kitmasterbloke), 5 November 2019the underframe layout, the roof's height, the pantograph (drawing)
- 331004 The Bradfordian (photograph at Leeds, 1 December 2025, CC BY 4.0) Wikimedia Commons (kitmasterbloke), 1 December 2025the roof's height over the doors, the cab-roof cases (drawing)
- 331004 The Bradfordian (photograph at Leeds, 1 December 2025, CC BY 4.0) Wikimedia Commons (kitmasterbloke), 1 December 2025the cab end's livery (the window band, the orange line, the pale band), the window widths, the leaf windows and the door strips, checked against the 195's figures (set T10, Kyle, 27 October 2026; drawing)
- NRClass195101.jpg (photograph, CC BY-SA 4.0) Wikimedia Commons, 11 April 2018the cab end's livery and the door strips, as on the 195 (set T10, Kyle, 27 October 2026; drawing)
- 195102 Burneside.jpg (photograph, CC BY-SA 4.0) Wikimedia Commons, 18 September 2021the window widths and the leaf windows, as on the 195 (set T10, Kyle, 27 October 2026; drawing)
- BR Class 195 Velim (photograph, 15 October 2018, CC0) Wikimedia Commons (Plutowiki), 15 October 2018the livery's cab end (drawing)
- Doncaster - Arriva 331105 and 195103 in the sidings (photograph, 27 August 2019, CC BY-SA 4.0) Wikimedia Commons (Geof Sheppard), 27 August 2019the front's livery (drawing)
- Edinburgh - TPE 397007 departing for Manchester (ScotRail 385105).JPG (Geof Sheppard, CC BY-SA 4.0) Wikimedia Commons, 9 June 2025the pantograph trailer's roof well and which way the folded pantograph lies (layout only)
- The Greatest Gathering - 1st August 2025 - 94.jpg (photograph, CC BY 4.0) Wikimedia Commons (kitmasterbloke), 1 August 2025the cab coupler in its recess (front three-quarter, 2025; layout only)
- Doncaster - Arriva 331105 and 195103 in the sidings (photograph, 27 August 2019, CC BY-SA 4.0) Wikimedia Commons (Geof Sheppard), 27 August 2019the cab coupler: its position, heights and shape (set BC5, 20 October 2026)
- 331004 The Bradfordian (photograph at Leeds, 1 December 2025, CC BY 4.0) Wikimedia Commons (kitmasterbloke), 1 December 2025the cab-side window's shape and size, and the cab door's grab rails (set T10P-A2, Kyle, 27 October 2026; drawing)
- New CAF EMU for Northern Trains at Bay Horse (photograph, 5 November 2019, CC BY 2.0) Wikimedia Commons (kitmasterbloke), 5 November 2019the cab step's ladder, and the cab-side window's shape (set T10P-A2, Kyle, 27 October 2026; drawing)
- 331109 at Doncaster station.jpg (photograph, CC BY-SA 4.0) Wikimedia Commons, 10 January 2020the cab-side window's shape and the cab step's ladder (set T10P-A2, Kyle, 27 October 2026; layout only)
- 331004 The Bradfordian (photograph at Leeds, 1 December 2025, CC BY 4.0) Wikimedia Commons (kitmasterbloke), 1 December 2025the saloon windows' corner radius, about 85-90 mm (set T12, 28 October 2026)
- The Class 331 Electric Multiple Unit (specification sheet) Arriva Rail North, 24 January 2018the cab's joint line, about 222 mm ahead of the cab door (set T12F, Kyle, 29 October 2026, question 4; drawing)
- The Greatest Gathering - 1st August 2025 - 94.jpg (photograph, CC BY 4.0) Wikimedia Commons (kitmasterbloke), 1 August 2025the cab's joint line, from the roof down, 175-190 mm ahead of the cab door (set T12F, Kyle, 29 October 2026, question 4; drawing)
- Volunteers clean up Bradford station ahead of new platform opening Northern, 14 May 2025the artwork on a Class 331 named The Bradfordian, unveiled in April 2025
- Trains, textiles and trailblazers powering Bradford 2025 this spring Bradford 2025, 2025the artwork: landmarks and figures, the Bronte sisters and J.B. Priestley among them
- A Guide to Overhead Electrification (132787-ALB-GUN-EOH-000001, rev 10) Network Rail (prepared by Alan Baxter), February 2015, p. 39the contact wire in the In operation drawing: 15 ft 5 in (4.7 m) above rail, Network Rail's normal height
- Built 2017–2020: Wikipedia; Rail Engineer found one three-car and four four-car units complete at Zaragoza in January 2018
- Seats: Eversholt's 184 + 19 and 260 + 23 tip-up against Rail Engineer's 203 and 284 (2018) and the 2022 contract's 204 and 284
- Power: Rail Engineer gives two motor bogies on each driving car, with a 220 kW motor on each axle; the total of 1,760 kW is worked out from that
- The sub-class names 331/0 (three-car) and 331/1 (four-car) are RAIL's and Wikipedia's, not the lessor's, so they are left out of the formation
- The Arriva Rail North years (2019-2020), when the drawn colours carried Arriva's wordmark: Wikipedia
- Drawing: Arriva Rail North's 331 sheet draws the roof line about 11 ft 9 in (3.59 m) above rail and the bodies 1 ft 6 in (450 mm) apart; its 195 sheet (the same CAF body) about 12 ft 5 in (3.79 m) and 3 ft 0 in (915 mm). Photographs side on agree with the 195 sheet's roof, so the 331 is drawn on the 195's body (the gaps between bodies are not settled by the photographs)
- Drawing: the underframe equipment, the grey lower nose and the livery are laid out from photographs and the Commons side diagrams, not measured
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