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Caledonian Sleeper (Mark 5 coaches, Class 92 and 73/9)
The overnight trains between London Euston and Scotland: 75 CAF-built Mark 5 coaches with seats, a club car and sleeping rooms, some en suite and some with double beds, hauled by GB Railfreight's Class 92 electric locomotives and, in Scotland, Class 73/9 electro-diesels. They replaced the British Rail Mark 2 and Mark 3 coaches in 2019, and at 16 coaches they are among the longest passenger trains in Britain.
Caledonian Sleeper (Mark 5 coaches, Class 92 and 73/9) · indicative drawing GB Trains · gbtrains.uk/stock/mk5/ · CC BY 4.0
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Liveries 3
The same indicative drawing in each livery, each drawn from a cited source. The drawing above shows the largest fleet’s.
Former liveries 5
- Type
- Locomotive-hauled sleeper train
- Builder
- CAF, in Spain (Mark 5 coaches); Brush Traction with ABB (Class 92); Class 73/1s of the 1960s rebuilt for GB Railfreight (Class 73/9)
- In service
- since 2019
- Operators
- Caledonian Sleeper
- Formation
- Up to 16 Mark 5 coaches behind a locomotive: a Class 92 electric on the West Coast Main Line and Class 73/9s for portions in Scotland. Each train divides on the way north, at Carstairs into two portions (Edinburgh and Glasgow) or at Edinburgh into three (Aberdeen, Inverness and Fort William), with the number of coaches in each varying with demand
- Trains in fleet
- 4
- Fleets
- Caledonian Sleeper: 4
- Top speed
- 90 mph (145 km/h), the locomotives' top speed, as GB Railfreight gives it; CAF gives 99 mph (160 km/h) for the coaches
- Power
- Electric on the West Coast Main Line: a Class 92 (5,000 kW from 25 kV overhead wires), modified to give the coaches extra power for air conditioning, showers and catering. Diesel beyond the wires: a Class 73/9 with an MTU engine of 1,600 hp (about 1,200 kW) · how it works
- Bogies
- CAF inside-framed bogies under the Mark 5 and Mark 5A coaches; the Class 92's three-axle bogies · drawn with the same bogie component as Chiltern Explorer (Class 68 and Mark 5A)
- Car width
- 9 ft 0 in (2.75 m)
- Profile
- main-line
- Air-conditioned
- Yes
- Total capacity
- Not given for a whole train, since the coaches in each portion vary with demand. Per coach: a seated coach has 30 seats and two wheelchair spaces (Caledonian Sleeper; Rail Engineer gives 31 seats); a sleeper coach has ten two-berth rooms, 20 beds; an accessible coach has six rooms for up to 12 guests; the club car seats 30 (Rail Engineer: 23 at tables and 7 at the bar)
- Status
- In service since 28 April 2019, on every train since October 2019: four trains of 16 coaches and 11 spare. GB Railfreight provides 12 Class 92s and six Class 73/9s (73966 to 73971) and the drivers, under a contract to 2030. Alstom maintains the coaches, mainly at Polmadie in Glasgow. The coaches are leased from Caledonian Sleepers Rail Leasing, a Lombard company.
unverified Some of these figures haven’t yet been checked against an official source or a published history. What’s in doubt ↓
Car types
| Code | Car | Length | Doors per side |
|---|---|---|---|
| 92 | Class 92 electric locomotive (GB Railfreight) | 70 ft 1 in21.36 m | |
| 73 | Class 73/9 electro-diesel locomotive (GB Railfreight) | 53 ft 8 in16.36 m | |
| SC | Mark 5 seated coach (SC) | 72 ft 10 in22.20 m | |
| CC | Mark 5 club car (CC) | 72 ft 10 in22.20 m | |
| SLE | Mark 5 sleeper coach (SLE) | 72 ft 10 in22.20 m | |
| SLEP | Mark 5 accessible sleeper coach (SLEP) | 72 ft 10 in22.20 m |
Sources
How we source figures → · Spotted a mistake? Tell us → (opens in a new tab)
Show the 52 sources from Wikimedia Commons, Wikipedia, RAIL and 12 more
- 92044 pantograph and ceramic post insulators (25953342674).jpg (photograph: 92044's roof from above; CC BY-SA 2.0) Wikimedia Commons (Train Photos, via Flickr), 21 April 2016the pantograph's post insulators: ribbed, 6 sheds each (insulators in pantographs_mm; layout and proportion only, 92044's roof photographed close)
- 'Class 92 EL for hauling Caledonian Sleeper.jpg' (photograph, Jaymyang, 4 July 2019; CC BY-SA 4.0) Wikimedia Commonsthe drawing: the Class 92's cab door window and the two windows by cab 2, on 92023 at Euston, 2019 (layout and colour only)
- 92011 Dollands Moor to Wembley - cab 2 side A bogie (photograph, Train Photos, CC BY-SA 2.0) Wikimedia Commons, 27 May 2015the drawing: the Class 92's bogie, near side-on: the shoe beams' five-sided shape and their end brackets (layout only)
- Our Trains (Our Route; Our Fleet; Our Formations) Caledonian Sleeper, accessed 7 October 202675 CAF Mark 5 coaches in service from 2019; club car (seats for 30, seven booths and seven stools), seated coach (30 seats and two wheelchair spaces), sleeper coach (six Club en-suite and four Classic rooms) and accessible coach (accessible double and twin rooms, two accessible toilets, two Caledonian Double en-suite and two Classic rooms); 16-coach formations and how they divide
- Table 6314: rolling stock vehicles by traction type and operator Office of Rail and Road, 20 November 2025Caledonian Sleeper's 75 locomotive-hauled vehicles, March 2022 to March 2025
- CAF's Mark 5 coaches Rail Engineer, 26 August 202175 coaches: 11 seating, 10 club, 40 sleeper and 14 accessible; 72 ft 10 in (22.2 m) long, 9 ft 0 in (2.75 m) wide; 16-coach trains, the longest in Britain bar Eurostar; Dellner couplers; Class 92 (5,000 kW) and Class 73/9 (1,200 kW); seated coach 31 seats, club 23 + 7; Alstom at Polmadie; Lombard the owner; the Mark 5 and Mark 5A share their bogies and braking systems
- Caledonian Sleeper passenger coaches (project page and technical data sheet) CAF, archived 7 March 2024five car types in trains of up to 16 cars; 72 ft 10 in (22,200 mm) long; 160 km/h (99 mph); air conditioning
- CAF to deliver 75 coaches to Serco Caledonian Sleepers Railway Pro, 10 February 201575 coaches of five types, four trains of 16 and 11 spares; about €200m; Lombard financing
- Caledonian Sleeper coaches ready for testing Railway Gazette International, 24 August 2017first five coaches (two seated, two sleeping, a club car) from CAF's Beasain factory on test at Velim, August 2017
- A night to remember on new-look Sleeper (RAIL 879, 22 May to 4 June 2019) RAIL, May 2019 (online 6 September 2019)first passengers 28 April 2019 on the Lowland Sleeper; first rake in Britain in January 2018; Mk 2 and Mk 3 coaches replaced
- CAF Mk 5s finally used on all Caledonian Sleeper services RAIL (Richard Clinnick), 24 October 2019all trains Mark 5 by 11 October 2019, hauled by Class 73s and 92s
- GB Railfreight helps launch new Caledonian Sleeper coaches GB Railfreight, 11 April 201912 Class 92s and six Class 73s modified with Wabtec: Dellner couplers and more power for air conditioning, showers and catering
- Locomotives GB Railfreight, accessed 7 October 2026Class 92: 1993, 90 mph (145 km/h), 126 t, Brush/Bombardier, 12 on the sleeper; Class 73/9: 73966-971, MTU 1,600 hp engine, 90 mph (145 km/h), 77 t, Dellner couplings, in Scotland on the sleepers
- GB Railfreight announces seven-year deal to support new era for Caledonian Sleeper GB Railfreight, 26 June 2023haulage contract to 2030
- Caledonian Sleeper fleet maintenance contract extended Rail Technology Magazine, 13 February 2015Alstom maintains the 75 coaches, at Polmadie and Wembley
- CALEDONIAN SLEEPERS RAIL LEASING LIMITED, company number 01920772 Companies House, accessed 7 October 2026Caledonian Sleepers Rail Leasing Limited, formerly Lombard Corporate Finance (5) Limited
- Class 99s set for Caledonian Sleeper RAIL, 18 July 2023Class 99s could replace the 92s and 73/9s
- British Rail Mark 5 Wikipedia, accessed 7 October 2026coach numbers and builders' factories (from Platform 5); width; 125 mph (201 km/h; last resort)
- British Rail Class 92 Wikipedia, accessed 7 October 202687 mph (140 km/h); ABB and Brush, 1993-96; the 14 ft 1 in (4,290 mm) bogie wheelbase, 56 ft 6 in (17.22 m) overall wheelbase and 3 ft 9 in (1,140 mm) wheels it cites to Marsden and Fenn (2001), used for the drawing (last resort)
- British Rail Class 73 Wikipedia, accessed 7 October 2026length 53 ft 8 in (16.36 m; last resort)
- Report 05/2020: Loss of brake control on a sleeper train approaching Edinburgh, 1 August 2019 Rail Accident Investigation Branch, May 2020 (published 28 May 2020), pp. paras 15-21, table 3the Lowlander's two eight-coach portions (Glasgow front, Edinburgh rear), six sleeper coaches, a club coach and a seating coach in each; the seated coach at the rear of the Glasgow portion; Dellner couplers; Class 92s modified for the Mark 5s
- Class 92 locomotives (fleet page, short technical data overview) DB Cargo Romania, accessed 8 October 2026Class 92: 70 ft 1 in (21,360 mm) over buffers, 13 ft 0 in (3,960 mm) high, 8 ft 8 in (2,640 mm) wide, 126 t, Co'Co', 140 km/h (87 mph)
- British Rail Mark 5 (CAF) Sleeper Data Plate (photograph, Theplague01, CC BY-SA 4.0) Wikimedia Commons, 19 November 2019a sleeper coach's plate: 22,20 m long, 177 km/h (110 mph), 20 beds, tare 37.5 t
- CAF Mark 5 coaches at Euston, 28 April 2019: sleeper coach; sleeper coach with Class 92; seated coach with Class 92 92028; lounge coach (four photographs, Colin MacInnes, CC BY-SA 4.0) Wikimedia Commons, 28 April 2019the coaches' layout and colours (three-quarter views); the seated coach's display end coupled to the locomotive
- Caledonian Sleeper Euston (photograph, Jaymyang, CC BY-SA 4.0) Wikimedia Commons, 4 July 2019the seated coach at the London end of the Edinburgh portion; its layout and colours
- The unusual daylight sight of The Caledonian Sleeper in Carlisle Station (photograph, Luke Shaw, geograph 7937888, CC BY-SA 2.0) Wikimedia Commons (from Geograph), 23 May 2024the accessible coach's windows, doors and underframe, by a perspective fit (layout only); the Mark 5 bogie's yaw damper and anti-roll link, as on the Mark 5A
- Edinburgh - GBRf 92023 (photograph, Geof Sheppard, CC BY-SA 4.0) Wikimedia Commons, 20 July 2018the Class 92's layout and teal livery, by a perspective fit (layout only); its bogies' layout
- 92010 and 92038 at London Euston, 14 June 2024 (photographs, Foulger Rail Photos, CC BY-SA 2.0) Wikimedia Commons, 14 June 2024Class 92s in Caledonian Sleeper teal in 2024
- Class-92-db-red-92009-dollands-moor-1.jpg (photograph of 92009 in DB Schenker red, Jedipickles, CC BY 2.0) Wikimedia Commons, 28 May 2011the drawing: the Class 92's cab side window, its shape and its lights and mullions, measured on a rectified view (layout only)
- 92038 and 153367 at Crewe Diesel Depot Open Day 2019.jpg (photograph, Train Photos, CC BY-SA 2.0) Wikimedia Commons, 8 June 2019the drawing: the Class 92's cab side window, a second reading of its shape, and its frame's colour in teal (layout and colour only)
- 92028 1M16.jpg (photograph of 92028 at Euston, The Nikon User, CC BY 2.0) Wikimedia Commons, 2 May 2022the drawing: the Class 92's cab side window frame's colour in GB Railfreight colours, and the strip between it and the windscreen (layout and colour only)
- 92016 Wembley to Dollands Moor 6B47 (25614834512).jpg (Train Photos, Flickr, CC BY-SA 2.0) Wikimedia Commons, 11 March 2016the Class 92's roof line behind cab 1 and the folded pantograph's head (square side-on, a panorama)
- 92016 Wembley to Dollands Moor 6B47 (25735850785).jpg (Train Photos, Flickr, CC BY-SA 2.0) Wikimedia Commons, 11 March 2016the Class 92's roof line behind cab 2 and the main roof's height (square side-on, a panorama)
- Crewe - GBRf 92033 pantograph.JPG (Geof Sheppard, CC BY-SA 4.0) Wikimedia Commons, 19 February 2015which way the Class 92's pantographs face (raised, from above; layout only)
- 92016 Wembley to Dollands Moor 6B47 (25614834512).jpg (Train Photos, Flickr, CC BY-SA 2.0) Wikimedia Commons, 11 March 2016the Class 92's buffers side on: the case about half the head (ratios only; set BC7 follow-up, 26 October 2026)
- Report 05/2020: Loss of brake control on a sleeper train approaching Edinburgh, 1 August 2019 Rail Accident Investigation Branch, May 2020 (published 28 May 2020)the Class 92's Dellner coupler, hung from the drawbar and lifted into place to couple (paragraph 21; set BC7 follow-up, 26 October 2026)
- Report 05/2020: Loss of brake control on a sleeper train approaching Edinburgh, 1 August 2019 Rail Accident Investigation Branch, May 2020 (published 28 May 2020)the Mark 5's ends: Dellner couplers and no buffers (paragraph 17, Figure 5); the cowl under the gangway and its opening (Figure 4; set BC7F, 26 October 2026)
- 92010 at London Euston - 47639386061.jpg (photograph, CC BY-SA 2.0) Wikimedia Commons (train_photos, Flickr), 18 April 2019the Class 92's Dellner hanging at a free end (set BC7F2, 26 October 2026)
- Caledonian Sleeper Class 92 033 Euston.jpg (photograph, CC BY 2.0) Wikimedia Commons (kitmasterbloke), 21 July 2018the Class 92's Dellner hanging at a free end (set BC7F2, 26 October 2026)
- 92033 Euston (17033602132).jpg (photograph, Train Photos, CC BY-SA 2.0) Wikimedia Commons, 4 April 2015the Class 92's along-car scale: the whole locomotive nearly side on, the two cab ends' windows, doors and grab rails and the far cab's silhouette, mapped on the 66 ft 2 in (20.16 m) body (set HLR33b round 2, 28 October 2026)
- 92011 Dollands Moor to Wembley - cab 2 side A bogie (photograph, Train Photos, CC BY-SA 2.0) Wikimedia Commons, 27 May 2015the Class 92's cab side window, door, lower nose and lamp housing, side on (sets HLR33 and HLR33b round 2, 28 October 2026; along the car at 92033's scale)
- 92016 Wembley to Dollands Moor 6B47 (25614834512).jpg (Train Photos, Flickr, CC BY-SA 2.0) Wikimedia Commons, 11 March 2016the Class 92's cab side window, door, lower nose and lamp housing: a second side-on reading (sets HLR33 and HLR33b round 2, 28 October 2026; a sweep panorama, near the nose)
- Crewe - GBRf 92033 pantograph.JPG (Geof Sheppard, CC BY-SA 4.0) Wikimedia Commons, 19 February 2015the Class 92's cab door window, centred in the door between its grab rails (set HLR33b round 2, Kyle's note, 28 October 2026; from above, layout only)
- 92028 1M16.jpg (photograph of 92028 at Euston, The Nikon User, CC BY 2.0) Wikimedia Commons, 2 May 2022GB Railfreight's Class 92: the yellow behind the lamp housing and the blue bodyside panel's front about half a rail spacing behind the cab door (sets HLR33 and HLR33b round 2, 28 October 2026; a front three-quarter view)
- 92033 Euston (17033602132).jpg (photograph, Train Photos, CC BY-SA 2.0) Wikimedia Commons, 4 April 2015the Class 92's engine-room windows by cab 2: widths and gap on the 66 ft 2 in (20.16 m) body (set HLR33b round 3, 28 October 2026)
- 92016 Wembley to Dollands Moor 6B47 (25614834512).jpg (Train Photos, Flickr, CC BY-SA 2.0) Wikimedia Commons, 11 March 2016the Class 92's engine-room windows by cab 1 on side A (the pair the drawing shows by cab 2 on its side): their widths' ratios (set HLR33b round 3; a sweep panorama, ratios only)
- 92033 Euston (17033602132).jpg (photograph, Train Photos, CC BY-SA 2.0) Wikimedia Commons, 4 April 2015the Class 92's heights at the near cab (foot, door and cab windows, orange line, cab roof) on the photograph's vertical scale from its EXIF focal length and the 66 ft 2 in (20.16 m) body (set HLR33b round 3, the heights item)
- 92011 Dollands Moor to Wembley - cab 2 side A bogie (photograph, Train Photos, CC BY-SA 2.0) Wikimedia Commons, 27 May 2015the Class 92's heights checked against the leading axle and by ratios to the body's foot and orange line (set HLR33b round 3, the heights item)
- 92043 at Glasgow Central on the Caledonian Sleeper train ready to work 1M11 2340 to London Euston, 14 June 2024 (photograph, Foulger Rail Photos, CC BY-SA 2.0) Wikimedia Commons, 14 June 2024the GB Railfreight livery on a Class 92 on the sleeper, 2024: layout and colours
- 92042 light engine at Crewe on 13th September 2011.jpg (photograph, CC BY 2.0) Wikimedia Commons (kitmasterbloke), 13 September 2011the Class 92 in DB red: layout and colours
- British Rail Class 92 Wikipedia, read 13 October 2026the livery's name, who ran it and its years (no colours taken)
- A Guide to Overhead Electrification (132787-ALB-GUN-EOH-000001, rev 10) Network Rail (prepared by Alan Baxter), February 2015, p. 39the contact wire in the In operation drawing: 15 ft 5 in (4.7 m) above rail, Network Rail's normal height
- The drawing's bogies (bogie round 2, 9 October 2026): no source read names the Mark 5s' bogie type or the Class 92's; both are laid out from photographs (layout only), so their details are indicative
- Coach types: Rail Engineer (2021) and the Platform 5 numbering cited by Wikipedia give 11 seated (15001-011), 10 club (15101-110), 14 accessible (15201-214) and 40 sleeper coaches (15301-340), 75 in all; Caledonian Sleeper's own page says 11 club cars and 12 accessible coaches, which add up to 74. CAF and Railway Pro say five coach types; Caledonian Sleeper says four
- Formation: RAIB (report 05/2020) gives the Lowlander as two portions of eight, Glasgow's at the front and Edinburgh's at the rear, each of six sleeper coaches, a club coach and a seating coach, the seated coach at the rear of the Glasgow portion. The order inside each portion (five sleeper coaches, the accessible coach, the club car, the seated coach) and which way each coach faces are estimated from photographs and enthusiasts' reports, and Caledonian Sleeper says formations vary with demand
- Locomotive lengths: 70 ft 1 in (21.36 m) over buffers for the Class 92, from DB Cargo Romania (which runs some of the class), with 13 ft 0 in (3.96 m) high and 8 ft 8 in (2.64 m) wide; 53 ft 8 in (16.36 m) for the Class 73: Wikipedia only
- Mark 5 height: not published by CAF, Caledonian Sleeper or the sources read; width 9 ft 0 in (2.75 m) from Rail Engineer (Wikipedia gives the same)
- Doors: one hinged plug door at each end of each coach side (Wikipedia: hinged plug; photographs); no source gives their positions or sizes
- Build dates: CAF built the coaches at Beasain and Irun in Spain; the first were on test in August 2017 (Railway Gazette) and the first rake reached Britain in January 2018 (RAIL). Platform 5 via Wikipedia gives 2016-18
- Top speed: GB Railfreight gives 90 mph (145 km/h) for both locomotive classes; Wikipedia gives 87 mph (140 km/h) for the Class 92 and DB Cargo Romania 140 km/h (87 mph). For the coaches CAF gives 160 km/h (99 mph), a sleeper coach's data plate 177 km/h (110 mph) and Wikipedia 125 mph (201 km/h)
- Class 92 builder: GB Railfreight says Brush/Bombardier; Wikipedia says ABB Transportation and Brush Traction at Loughborough, 46 built 1993-96
- Class 73/9 power: GB Railfreight gives an MTU engine of 1,600 hp; Rail Engineer gives 1,200 kW
- Which locomotive hauls which portion in Scotland isn't stated in the sources read, beyond the 73/9s hauling portions on lines without wires
- The coaches' owner: Caledonian Sleepers Rail Leasing Ltd (Lombard), per Railway Pro (2015), Rail Engineer (2021) and Companies House; Railway Gazette (2014) said they would be leased through Beacon Rail
- Class 99: GB Railfreight said in 2023 that its bi-mode Class 99s could replace the 92s and 73/9s once approved; no source read says they have
- The drawing: the Mark 5 coaches are drawn on the Chiltern drawing's Mark 5A body (69 ft 11 in (21.3 m), roof about 12 ft 6 in (3.82 m), bogies at 52 ft 6 in (16,000 mm) centres, 2 ft 8 in (820 mm) wheels), whose heights are themselves estimated from photographs; whether the sleeper coaches' bogie centres and heights match the Mark 5A's isn't published
- The drawing: each coach type's windows, doors, display and crescents are laid out from three-quarter photographs to about 1 ft 8 in (0.5 m); the club car's end A and the seated coach's near half are seen only obliquely, and the club car's galley end is assumed windowless
- The drawing: the Class 92's bogie centres (42 ft 5 in (12,930 mm), from the overall and bogie wheelbases) differ from Wikipedia's 41 ft 11 in (12,764 mm) pivot centres; its outline, cab, roof well, pantographs, bodyside height and underframe are estimated from photographs; the 2 ft 0 in (600 mm) buffers are an estimate
- The drawing: the Highland portions' Class 73/9s aren't drawn
- The drawing's Class 92 roof line and pantograph positions: read on two sweep-panorama photographs of 92016 and one from above of 92033, whose scales along the locomotive are known only locally, to about 10% (about 0.3 m at the pantographs)
- The Class 92's cab side, lower nose, lamp housing and yellow along the car (set HLR33b round 2, 28 October 2026): read on 92011 and 92016 side on and drawn at 0.80 of those photographs' window-height scale, as 92033 at Euston (2015) gives it on the 66 ft 2 in (20.16 m) body (0.78-0.81 by feature); its heights re-measured in round 3 on the same photograph's vertical scale (EXIF focal length and the body's length), to about 3% and 60 mm; the 13 ft 0 in (3.96 m) published height (DB Cargo Romania, no qualifier; an earlier Wikipedia revision gave 13 ft 0 in (3.95 m) 'pantograph down') agrees with the cab roof's 12 ft 9 in (3.88 m) reading within that; the main roof not re-measured
- The Class 92's engine-room windows by cab 2 (set HLR33b round 3, 28 October 2026): their widths agree on two photographs, but only 92033 at Euston (2015) places them along the locomotive, and it puts the nearer one about 1 ft 8 in (520 mm) wide and about 175 mm further from cab 2 than drawn (to about 100 mm)
- The years of the former liveries come from Wikipedia's class article and the other sources listed, and haven't been checked against a second source.
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